A Novel Design and Performance Analysis of an ISM Band Antenna for Biomedical Applications

Abstract

Biomedical application is an advancing sector of
research work which permits the development of a transmission
link from a living body to an extrinsic device. A microstrip patch
antenna is proposed in this paper for biomedical applications.
The antenna is designed to operate in the Industrial, Scientific
and Medical (ISM) band (2.4 – 2.4835 GHz). The thickness of the
antenna is only 2.3 mm which implies that the antenna is reliable
to operate under bent conditions. The dimension of the proposed
antenna is 28.5 mm x 28.5 mm x 2.3 mm. In this antenna, Copper
is used as the patch material and FR-4 is used as the substrate
material. Three-layer human tissue model is used to analysis the
performance of the antenna. Computer Simulation Technology
(CST) software is used to designed the antenna and analysis the
performance parameter of the antenna such as the return loss
(S11 parameter), radiation pattern, operating frequency,
directivity, gain, total efficiency under normal and bent
conditions on the human tissue model. Performance analysis is
also observed for different substrate material, different patch
material, and different types of human tissues and comparison
analysis of S11 parameter for the planar and bent condition.
Among all of the substrate materials, FR4 provides the good
antenna performance. Finally, Specific Absorption Rate (SAR)
and thermal loss are evaluated to comply with the antenna safety
issues.