Design and Performance Measurement of a Miniaturized Implantable PIFA Antenna for Biomedical Applications

Abstract

An implantable PIFA (Planar Inverted F Antenna)
antenna for biomedical applications is proposed in this study.
The main notability of this design refers to its subtle dimension,
flexibility and subordinate thickness that makes it perfectly
suitable for implementing inside human or animal tissues for
Wireless Body Area Networks (WBAN). The antenna is aimed to
operate in the Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band (2.4
2.4835 GHz). The thickness of this antenna is only 0.735 mm,
which implies that this antenna is suitable to perform under bent
conditions. The antenna offers a compact design with a
dimension of 9.48 mm × 7.8 mm × .735 mm (54.348 mm3). Copper
and Rogers R03010 are chosen as the patch material and
substrate material accordingly. The antenna is encapsulated
inside biocompatible material Rogers R03010 for safety concern
inside skin or muscle tissues. Several types of analysis and
performance measurement of this antenna have been done by
using CST Microwave studio in both planar and bent conditions
by maintaining the electrical properties of human skin tissues.
Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) and thermal loss are evaluated to
comply with the antenna safety issues. For proving
biocompatibility and versatility of this antenna, performance
analysis by changing different patch materials and substrate
materials have been done after putting the antenna inside
different human tissue models. Finally, the antenna is fabricated
on to a FR4 substrate and its performance is measured using
Agilent Technologies E5071C Network Analyzer.